Comparison of HemaShock & PASG/MAST
We developed the HemaShock®, an Auto-Transfusion tourniquet, which is an elastic torus with a long sleeve wrapped around it that, when applied to a limb, squeezes the blood away from the limb into the central circulation and blocks the re-entry of blood into it. Below is an outline of the differences and similarities between our new […]
Is MAST a Must?
Noam Gavriely MD, DSc[Janna: Link to the pdf document “is mast a must?” ] The Pneumatic Anti-Shock Garment (PASG), also called Medical (Military) Anti-Shock Trousers (MAST). It is shown ready for use with the two leg compartments (on right) and the abdominal wrap (on left). The air bladders are connected to the foot pump (black […]
Survival with Emergency Tourniquet Use to Stop Bleeding in Major Limb Trauma
Ann Surg. 2009 Jan;249(1):1-7. KraghJF Jr, Walters TJ, Baer DG, Fox CJ, Wade CE, Salinas J, Holcomb JB. Source: US Army Institute of Surgical Research, Fort Sam Houston, TX, USA. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to determine if emergency tourniquet use saved lives. BACKGROUND DATA Tourniquets have been proposed as lifesaving devices in […]
Prehospital Tourniquet use in Operation Iraqi Freedom: Effect on Hemorrhage Control and Outcomes
J Trauma. 2008 Feb; 64(2 Suppl):S28-37; discussion S37. BeekleyAC, SebestaJA, BlackbourneLH, Herbert GS, KauvarDS, Baer DG,Walters TJ, MullenixPS, Holcomb JB; 31st Combat Support Hospital Research Group. Source Department of General Surgery, Madigan Army Medical Center, Fort Lewis, WA 98431-1100, USA. alec.beekley@us.army.mil BACKGROUND Up to 9% of casualties killed in action during the Vietnam War died from […]
Tourniquet Ischaemia – Clinical and Biochemical Observations
Ann Chir Gynaecol. 1978;67(6):210-3. SantavirtaS, KausteA, RindellK The duration of tourniquet ischaemia was recorded in 1000 consecutive operations on extremities under a bloodless field, the average ischaemia time was 74.11 +/-29.52 minutes. The duration of tourniquet ischaemia in meniscectomies was 58.47 +/- 15.91 minutes, in osteosynthesis of malleolar fractures 88.46 +/- 23.33 minutes and in operations […]
Practical Use of Emergency Tourniquets to Stop Bleeding in Major Limb Trauma
J Trauma. 2008 Feb;64(2 Suppl):S38-49; discussion S49-50. KraghJF Jr, Walters TJ, Baer DG, Fox CJ, Wade CE, Salinas J, Holcomb JB. Source: US Army Institute of Surgical Research, Fort Sam Houston, TX 78234-6315, USA. john.kragh@amedd.army.mil BACKGROUND Previously we showed that tourniquets were lifesaving devices in the current war. Few studies, however, describe their actual morbidity […]
Systemic and Local Effects of the Application of a Tourniquet
J Bone Joint Surg Br. 1980 Aug; 62(3):385-8. KlenermanL, BiswasM, HulandsGH, Rhodes AM. The effect of the application of a tourniquet to a limb and the release of the accumulated metabolites have been investigated with reference to the acid-base level in the blood from the limb and in the right atrium. Investigations have been carried out […]
Ischemia-Reperfusion & Time Interval Between HemaShock Applications
The time interval from the removal of one HemaShock® and the application of another depends on the duration of the ischemia prior to the interval. Studies in experimental animals show that after one hour of ischemia, 20 minutes are sufficient for recovery of standard bicarbonate, potassium and hydrogen ion levels in the tissues. (Klenerman L. et al.) Systemic and […]
Extending HemaShock Beyond the 2 Hours Limit
The time limit of 120 minutes for the continuous use of HemaShock® is based on the standard practice in orthopedic surgery and with the use of emergency/combat tourniquet. In most instances this should be sufficient time to evacuate the patient to definitive care in a medically controlled environment, to establish the other measures needed to stabilize […]
Use of Tourniquets in Emergency Medicine
Read more about the history and use of combat/emergency tourniquet. The most recent war in Iraq was associated with a large number of injuries to soldiers. Dr. John Krahg and his associates from the US Army Institute of Surgical Research, Fort Sam Houston, TX diligently followed the outcome of the use of hundreds of tourniquets on hundreds […]